Des années de recherche clinique 

ImunoBran® = BioBran® = Bi.Bran® 

Daiwa Pharmaceutical, la société qui fabriquel'ImunoBran® MGN-3, a investi des années dans la recherche et la science pour rendre ce produit efficace, sécurisé et satisfaisant pour le renforcement du système immunitaire.

ImunoBran® MGN-3 est fabriqué au Japon selon les critères les plus stricts. Il est utilisé dans la pratique clinique depuis plus de deux décennies, période au cours de laquelle il a été reconnu dans le monde entier comme un immunomodulateur naturel, efficace et absolument sûr.

Cet engagement se reflète dans la haute qualité du produit et dans son utilisation par les médecins et autres professionnels de la santé du monde entier.

Recherche académique et articles      Autres études cliniques et articles      Études de cas


Évaluation d’un test basé sur la cytométrie de flux pour l'activité des lymphocytes Natural Killer en milieu clinique

  • R. Valiathan, J. E. Lewis, A. B. Melillo, S. Leonard, D. Asthana

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Les lymphocytes Natural killer (cellules tueuses naturelles, NK) jouent un rôle important non seulement dans la défense de première ligne contre les infections virales et bactériennes, mais aussi dans la surveillance immunitaire des cellules malignes ; la cytotoxicité des lymphocytes NK est donc un indicateur primaire de la fonction immunitaire. Bien que le test de libération du chrome soit reconnu comme « l'étalon-or » pour mesurer l'activité des lymphocytes NK, il présente des inconvénients tels que l'utilisation de composés radioactifs, une faible charge et une forte libération spontanée. Il est difficile d'effectuer ce dosage en laboratoire clinique en raison des difficultés liées à l'élimination des déchets radioactifs et des problèmes de normalisation. Nous décrivons une méthode de dosage basée sur la cytométrie de flux visant à mesurer l'activité des lymphocytes NK en incorporant un colorant fluorescent, le DiO, dans les membranes des cellules cibles. L'activité des lymphocytes NK a été mesurée au départ, puis après 1 et 4 semaines de suivi chez 20 personnes en bonne santé qui prenaient un complément alimentaire immunomodulateur destiné à améliorer la fonction des lymphocytes NK. Le pourcentage moyen d'activité des lymphocytes NK à la référence (21,5 ; ET = 9,3) a augmenté de manière significative pour atteindre un niveau maximal à une semaine (31,3 % ; ET = 7,9 ; p = 0,007), puis est revenu au niveau de référence à 4 semaines (21,5 ; ET = 8,3). Une caractéristique importante des tests basés sur la cytométrie de flux est leur capacité à distinguer les cellules effectrices des cellules cibles et leur potentiel à expliquer les interactions moléculaires qui sous-tendent la lyse des cellules cibles. Dans un contexte clinique, ce test sera intéressant pour surveiller fréquemment le statut immunologique des patients sous traitement pour diverses pathologies qui affectent leur statut immunitaire. Le test est facile à réaliser sans utiliser de matériel radioactif et pourrait donc devenir un outil de suivi de la pathogenèse et de la reconstitution immunitaire.


The anti-cancer activity and potential clinical application of rice bran extracts and fermentation products

  • Yonghui Yu, Jingjie Zhang, Jing Wang and Baogao Suna

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Rice bran is the main by-product of rice processing and contains approximately 64% of the nutrients in rice. Its various nutrient elements include rice bran proteins, oil, oryzanol, vitamins, polysaccharides, etc. The use of fermented technology can increase the content of bioactive peptides, promote the absorption efficiency, and further improve the functionality and added value of rice bran. In recent years, the nutritional value and function of the extracts and fermented products of rice bran have been emphatically studied. Rice bran extracts and fermentation products serve a critical role in the anti-inflammatory reaction, reducing the plasma lipid effect and increasing anti-cancer activity. Moreover, few review studies have been reported on the anti-cancer activity and potential mechanism of action of rice bran extract and its fermentation products. In this review, we focused on the anti-cancer function, mechanisms, and potential clinical usage of rice bran extracts and fermentation products in the adjuvant therapy of cancer patients.


Rice bran arabinoxylan compound and quality of life of cancer patients (RBAC - QoL) Study protocol for a randomized pilot feasibility trial

  • Soo Liang Ooi, Sok Cheon Pak, Peter S. Micalos, Emily Schupfer, Rob Zielinski, Thomas Jeffries, Garth Harris, Terry Golombick, David McKinnon

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A B S T R A C T

Introduction : Rice bran ara bi noxy lan com pound (RBAC) is a nu traceu ti cal for en hanc ing a de pleted im mune sys tem dur ing and af ter can cer treat ment. This pi lot fea si bil ity trial aims to eval u ate the ef fects of RBAC on can cer pa tients' qual ity of life dur ing ac tive treat ment, com pared to placebo, us ing a val i dated ques tion naire. Other out come mea sures in clude changes in in flam ma tory and nu tri tional sta tus, cy tokine pro file, and gut mi - cro biota. Methods/ Design : The study will re cruit 50 par tic i pants from a re gional can cer cen ter in Aus tralia. Pa tients aged 18 – 70, di ag nosed with solid or gan can cers stage II and above, and cur rently un der go ing ac tive sys temic ther a - pies, are el i gi ble. Ran dom al lo ca tion of par tic i pants into two groups is strat i fied based on metasta tic sta tus and treat ment type. The dosage is ei ther 3 g/ day of RBAC or placebo in iden ti cal pack ag ing. The par tic i pants, study co or di na tor, and treat ing on col o gists are blinded to the in ter ven tions. Data col lec tions are at base line and at four fol low - up ses sions, which are six weeks apart (24 weeks). Sta tis ti cal analy sis will in volve a pro - tected p - value with mul ti ple de pen dent val ues and an a lyzed by ANOVA with re peated mea sures on the oc ca - sion of test ing and with both a full Bon fer roni or Sidak cor rec tions ap plied to pro tect against Type I er rors. Any ob served sig nif i cance war rants fur ther analy sis with pair wise com par isons. Analy sis of co vari ance will also be per formed to as sess any in flu ence of the de mo graphic data, can cer di ag no sis, as well as changes in phys i cal ac tiv ity, di etary habits, and com ple men tary med i cine us age. Com par isons of gut mi cro biota will be based on the analy sis of the fe cal mi cro biome us ing 16S ri bo so mal ri bonu cleic acid am pli con se quenc ing. The pro posed re search time line is from Oc to ber 2018 to May 2022.


Rice Bran By-Product: From Valorization Strategies to Nutritional Perspectives

  • Marco Spaggiari, Chiara Dall’Asta, Gianni Galaverna and María Dolores del Castillo Bilbao

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Abstract: The aim of this study is to review the innovative techniques based on bioprocessing, thermal or physical treatments which have been proposed during the last few decades to convert rice bran into a valuable food ingredient. Rice bran (Oryza sativa) is the main by-product of rice grain processing. It is produced in large quantities worldwide and it contains a high amount of valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds with significant health-related properties. Despite that, its application in food industry is still scarce because of its sensitivity to oxidation processes, instability and poor technological suitability. Furthermore, the health-related effects of pretreated rice bran are also presented in this review, considering the up-to-date literature focused on both in vivo and in vitro studies. Moreover, in relation to this aspect, a brief description of rice bran arabinoxylans is provided. Finally, the application of rice bran in the food industry and the main technology aspects are concisely summarized.


Importance of the Frequency at Using Immunomodulatory Therapies with Evidence Based and Standardized Plant Biomodulators

  • Tibor Hajto

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ABSTRACT: Many years ago, a great deal of research was carried out to improve the suppressed activity of innate immune system in cancer patients using various immunomodulators originated from microorganisms or plants. However, more than 30 years ago these investigations were stopped since their repeated applications often led to a tolerance which could not be explained at the level of science at that time and in spite of a great amount of data, the curative role of innate system was poorly understood. Today, growing evidence suggests that the adaptive cytotoxic T cells have rather prophylactic effects working more proficiently in the early phases of tumor development, whereas the innate cellular system acts more curatively in parallel with disease progression. It’s now also known, that tumor-induced dysregulation of the innate immune system leads to a decreased function of type-1 effector cells and a predominance of type-2 cells, promoting the development of tumors. In this review article a number of results originating from old publications are discussed and presented again in order to interpret them according to our current knowledges which appear to be helpful for more correct application of standardized and evidence based immunomodulators (SEIM) from plant or microbes. Conclusions: 1.) Since the chemistry is not able to produce appropriate structures of Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) molecules, we need PAMP containing SEIM from plants and microbes which can activate the type-1 phagocytic cells by binding their Pattern Recognition / Toll Like Receptors (RCC/TLR) on their cell membrane. 2.) PAMP molecules have a direct effect only on RCC/TLR molecules of phagocytes and only thereafter with a minimum time delay of 24 hours are the regulatory cascade mechanisms activated which can increase the function of the for the curative tumor defense important MHC-I unrestricted effectors (such as NK, γδT and type-1 NKT cells). 3.) A permanent activation of phagocytic cells can result in a decrease in MHC-1 unrestricted immune function, which may explain the tolerance observed often during continuous SEIM treatments. 4.) Since short-term activations of type-1 phagocytic cells causes more antitumor benefit, on the base of kinetic investigations a necessity to insert of 72h therapy-free intervals during SEIM therapy must be taken into consideration.


Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound and Quality of Life (RBAC-QoL) of Cancer Patients: An Interim Analysis of the RBAC-QoL Study

  • Soo Liang Ooi , Peter S. Micalos , Rob Zielinski , Sok Cheon Pak

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Abstract: Background: The effect of rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC), a plant-based immunomodulator, on the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients and underlying physiological pathways remains unclear. Trial design: The RBAC-QoL study, a double-blind, randomised, controlled pilot feasibility study, aimed to determine RBAC’s effects on QoL and the associated action mechanisms. Primary outcomes were the EORTC QLQ-C30 functional, symptom, and global QoL scores with inflammatory, nutritional, and cytokine parameters as secondary and exploratory outcomes. Methods: Participants were adults diagnosed with solid organ tumours (≥ stage II) undergoing active treatment in several outpatient centres in New South Wales, Australia. Interventions were RBAC or matched placebo at 3g/day for 24 weeks allocated through stratified randomisation with participants, oncologists, and data collectors blinded. Data was collected from five study visits six weeks apart. The trial remained ongoing as of December 2023. An interim intention-to-treat analysis was performed using repeated measure ANOVA with pairwise comparisons where statistical significance was observed and adjusted with covariates. Results: Global QoL scores from currently available data (n = 16; RBAC = 7, placebo = 9) were statistically different between groups (F1,8 = 8.6, p = 0.019, eta2[g] = 0.267). Pairwise comparisons found significant differences at Week 6 (p = 0.032, Cohen’s d = 1.454) and marginally at Week 12 (p = 0.069, d = 1.427). Age-adjusted analysis showed a continuous upward trend in QoL improvement over time with RBAC, while the placebo group did not deviate from baseline QoL. Significant elevations of serum white blood cell count (Week 18) and total protein (Weeks 12 and 18) were detected in the RBAC group compared to placebo. The total protein levels correlated highly with white blood cell count (Pearson’s r = 0.539, p < 0.001) and moderately with the global QoL scores (r = 0.338, p = 0.01). No intervention-related adverse events were reported in both groups. Conclusions: RBAC improves QoL beyond placebo during active cancer treatment, possibly through the immunonutritional pathway - these findings, though preliminary, are valuable for future research.


L’arabinoxylane de son de riz (MGN-3/Biobran) renforce les effets toxiques des cellules NK sur les cellules cancéreuses chez les enfants in vitro et in vivo

  • Antonio Perez-Martinez1, Jaime Valentin2, Lucia Fernandez3, Petra Zerbes4, Ellen Schworer4, Fernando Nunez5, Inmaculada Genesis Martin5, Hannah Maxwell6, Miguel Angel Diaz7, Rupert Handgretinger4, Matthias Pfeiffer4.

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L’activité cytotoxique des cellules NK (tueuses naturelles) s’avère essentielle dans la maîtrise des infections virales et des malignités. L’arabinoxylane de son de riz (MGN-3/Biobran) a été décrit comme un produit potentiel de renforcement l’activité cytotoxique des cellules tueuses naturelles (cellules NK). Ces cellules, activées et proliférées, constituent un mode auquel il est fait de plus en plus souvent recours dans le cadre de la thérapie immunologique généralement acceptée dans le traitement du cancer. La présente étude s’est fixé pour but d’examiner l’effet du MGN-3 Biobran sur l’activité cytotoxique des cellules tueuses face aux tumeurs solides chez les enfants  ainsi que sur le processus d’activation et de prolifération des cellules NK. Nous avons donc réalisé des études in vitro et in vivo. En comparaison avec les cellules non stimulées, les cellules NK stimulées au moyen du MGN3/Biobran ont induit une expression plus marquée du marqueur d’activation CD69 (p < 0.05). L’expression des récepteurs NKG2D, DNAM, NCR et TLR après stimulation au moyen du MGN3/Biobran est demeurée inchangée. La stimulation effectuée pendant la nuit entière au moyen du MGN3/Biobran a provoqué également une augmentation de l’activité cytotoxique des cellules NK par rapport aux lignées cellulaires K562, Jurkat, A673, A204, RD et RH30 in vitro et a ralenti la progression du neuroblastome in vivo. Par ailleurs, l’administration du MGN3/Biobran a causé au cours du processus d’expansion une augmentation du nombre des cellules NK et une réduction des cellules T. Les données ont démontré que le MGN3/Biobran stimulait l’activité cytotoxique des cellules NK sur les tumeurs solides chez les enfants et provoquait de manière sélective une prolifération des cellules NK. Ces résultats peuvent être utiles pour les stratégies thérapeutiques futures basées sur l’effet des cellules NK.


L’arabinoxylane de son de riz MGN-3 module l'immunité innée chez les patients atteints de myélome multiple  

  • Dana Cholujova, Jana Jakubikova, Brarnislav Czako, Michaela Marisova, Luba Hunakova, Jozef Duraj, Martin Mistrik, Jan Sedlak, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Résumé Les cellules dendritiques (CD) et les lymphocytes Natural Killer (NK) sont des composants centraux de l'immunité innée qui empêchent la croissance des tumeurs. Les effets thérapeutiques de certains médicaments anti-myélome sont partiellement médiés par le ciblage de la réponse immunitaire innée. En outre, de nouveaux types de composés naturels ont été mis au point pour moduler efficacement l'activité des compartiments cellulaires et humoraux de l'immunité. Le MGN-3 est connu pour être un activateur des lymphocytes Natural Killer, inducteur de l'apoptose et de la production de cytokines et modulateur de la maturation et de la différenciation des cellules dendritiques in vitro. Nous avons mené une étude randomisée, contrôlée par placebo afin d'examiner les effets du MGN-3 sur les paramètres du système immunitaire inné chez 48 patients atteints de myélome multiple. Nous avons réalisé une analyse immunophénotypique des échantillons de sang périphérique, déterminé l'activité des lymphocytes NK et évalué les profils de cytokines du plasma avant et pendant 3 mois de traitement. Les résultats démontrent une nette augmentation de l'activité NK chez les patients traités au MGN-3 par rapport au groupe placebo, un niveau accru de DC myéloïdes dans le sang périphérique et des concentrations accrues de cytokines liées aux cellules T helper de type 1. La présente étude suggère que le MGN-3 pourrait représenter un produit immunologiquement pertinent pour l'activation de l'immunité innée dans de nombreux cas de maladies infectieuses l'efficacité clinique de ce médicament est démontrée par des examens supplémentaires de patients atteints de myélome.

Stratégie de traitement du cancer par la naturopathie 

  • Serge Jurasunas, 2023

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Cette stratégie clinique naturopathique contre le cancer intègre à la fois la médecine naturopathique et les progrès réalisés dans le traitement du cancer sur la base d'une approche multiple de la maladie qui comprend le ciblage de l'apoptose, l'activation des cellules immunitaires, l'angiogenèse, la restauration de la respiration cellulaire, l'inhibition des médiateurs inflammatoires, sans oublier certains facteurs secondaires tels que la désintoxication, l'amélioration du microbiome et du système nerveux. Je pense qu'une véritable percée dans la lutte contre le cancer doit promouvoir l'amélioration du système immunitaire et activer l'apoptose. Ces deux mécanismes importants de l'approche du cancer, principalement par l'application clinique du gène suppresseur de tumeur P53 et d'autres acteurs apoptotiques qui, depuis 15 ans, ont été inclus dans ma stratégie de lutte contre le cancer en tant que diagnostic, pronostic et traitement de suivi. La mutation du gène P53 ou la protéine P53 mutée reste le facteur essentiel lorsqu'il s'agit de traiter le cancer, que ce soit à partir d'une thérapie conventionnelle ou d'une approche alternative ou en combinaison...

Controlled pilot study for cancer patients suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome due to chemotherapy treated with ImunoBran/BioBran (MGN-3- Arabinoxylane) and targeted radiofrequency heat therapy

  • Gabriel Petrovics, Gyula Szigeti, Szilárd Hamvas, Ágnes Máté, József Betlehem, Gabriella Hegyi*

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Introduction: Although modern therapies for cancer have improved life expectancy, the management of disease and improvement of quality of life (QoL) of patients, especially managing cancer-related pain and chronic fatigue syndrome are still limited. We demonstrate the efficacy of a combined therapy to treat cancer patients suffering from CFS. The effects of a combined therapy in cancer patients suffering from CFS was evaluated. NK cells were stimulated, additional tumour treatment together with targeted radiofrequency therapy (Oncothermia). Methods: SIXTY patients with CFS (due to suffering from any type of cancer) were recruited, (according to the Centres for Disease Control 1994 criteria) attending an outpatient specialist CFS service for controlled pilot study. A total of 25 participants were given oral BioBran (MGN-3-Arabinoxylane), + Oncothermia, for six months, equivalent control group has not received this complex (BioBran + Oncothermia) treatment, they received chemo-,radiotherapy treatment. Results: The whole body pH status showed strong tissue acidity before the treatment, but the BioBran group changed the tissue pH status. The most important finding was that the average of CFQ score was significantly reduced after the treatment, and in control group the CFQ scores did not change significantly. Conclusion: The findings support a specific therapeutic effect of the complex BioBran+ Oncothermia therapy in CFS of cancer patients improving their QoL, enhancing NK activity in synergy.

ImunoBran/Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, Protects against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An In Vitro and In Silico Study

  • Mamdooh Ghoneum, Shaymaa Abdulmalek and Hewida H. Fadel, 2023

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Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a serious global public health threat for which there is currently no satisfactory treatment. This study examines the efficacy of ImunoBran/Biobran/MGN-3 against SARS-CoV-2. ImunoBran/Biobran is an arabinoxylan rice bran that has been shown to significantly inhibit the related influenza virus in geriatric subjects. Here, ImunoBran/Biobran's anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was assessed using MTT and plaque reduction assays, RT-PCR, ELISA techniques, and measurements of SARS-CoV-2-related gene expression and protein levels. For Vero E6 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, ImunoBran/Biobran reduced the viral load by 91.9% at a dose of 100 µg/mL, it reduced viral counts (PFU/mL) by 90.6% at 50 µg/mL, and it exhibited a significant selectivity index (EC50/IC50) of 22.5. In addition, ImunoBran/Biobran at 10 µg/mL inhibited papain-like proteinase (PLpro) by 87% and ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 Sprotein RBD by 90.5%, and it significantly suppressed SARS-CoV-2 gene expression, down-regulating E-gene and RdRp gene expression by 93% each at a dose of 50 µg/mL and inhibiting the E-protein by 91.3%. An in silico docking study was also performed to examine the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between SARS-CoV-2 RBD and DC-SIGN as well as between serine carboxypeptidase and papain-like protease PLpro. Serine carboxypeptidase, an active ingredient in Biobran, was found to interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to its receptor DC-SIGN on Vero cells, thus preventing the cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, it impairs the viral replication cycle by binding to PLpro. We conclude that ImunoBran/Biobran possesses potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and suggest that ImunoBran/Biobran may be able to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. This warrants further investigation in clinical trials.

Ferulated Arabinoxylans and Their Gels: Functional Properties and Potential Application as Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent

  • Mayra Alejandra Mendez-Encinas, Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan, Agustín Rascon-Chu, Humberto Francisco Astiazaran-Garcia and Dora Edith Valencia-Rivera

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In the last years, biomedical research has focused its efforts in the development of new oral delivery systems for the treatment of different diseases. Ferulated arabinoxylans are polysaccharides from cereals that have been gaining attention in the pharmaceutical field due to their prebiotic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The antioxidant and anticancer properties of these polysaccharides make them attractive compounds for the treatment of cancer, particularly colon cancer. In addition, ferulated arabinoxylans can form covalent gels through the cross-linking of their ferulic acids. Due to their particular characteristics, ferulated arabinoxylan gels represent an excellent alternative as colon-targeted drug delivery systems. The aim of the present work is to review the physicochemical and functional properties of ferulated arabinoxylans and their gels and to present the future perspectives for potential application as antioxidant and anticancer agents.

The Health-Promoting Properties and Clinical Applications of Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Modified with Shiitake Mushroom Enzyme-A Narrative Review

  • Soo Liang Ooi, Sok Cheon Pak, Peter S. Micalos , Emily Schupfer, Catherine Lockley, Mi Houn Park and Sung-Joo Hwang

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 Abstract: Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is derived from defatted rice bran hydrolyzed with Lentinus edodes mycelial enzyme. It has been marketed as a functional food and a nutraceutical with health-promoting properties. Some research has demonstrated this rice bran derivative to be a potent immunomodulator, which also possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties. To date, research on RBAC has predominantly focused on its immunomodulatory action and application as a complementary therapy for cancer. Nonetheless, the clinical applications of RBAC can extend beyond cancer therapy. This article is a narrative review of the research on the potential benefits of RBAC for cancer and other health conditions based on the available literature. RBAC research has shown it to be useful as a complementary treatment for cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. It can positively modulate serum glucose, lipid and protein metabolism in diabetic patients. Additionally, RBAC has been shown to ameliorate irritable bowel syndrome and protect against liver injury caused by hepatitis or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It can potentially ease symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome and prevent the common cold. RBAC is safe to consume and has no known side effects at the typical dosage of 2-3 g/day. Nevertheless, further research in both basic studies and human clinical trials are required to investigate the clinical applications, mechanisms, and effects of RBAC.

Clinical Cancer Strategy - Holistic approach to cancer treatment

  • Professor Serge Jurasunas, MD(Hom), ND, 2021

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This clinical cancer strategy incorporates advancements in cancer treatment based on a multi-approach to the disease thatincludes targeting apoptosis, immune cell activation, angiogenesis, restoration of cellular respiration, inhibition of inflammatory mediators, not mentioning some secondary factors such as intoxication, disturbed microbiome, and nervous disorders. I believe that a real breakthrough in cancer needs to promote immune system enhancement and activate apoptosis. These two important mechanisms of approaching cancer, principally through the clinical application of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and other apoptotic players that for the past 15 years have been included in my cancer strategy as a diagnostic, prognosis, and follow up treatment. P53 mutation or mutated P53 protein remains the essential factor when it comes to treating cancer either from conventional therapy or an alternative approach or in combination...

NK Immunorestoration of Cancer Patients by MGN-3, A Modified Arabinoxylan Rice Bran (Study of 32 Patients Followed for up to 4 Years)

  • M.Ghoneum and J.Brown

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NK cells have been characterized as non-B cells or non-T cells lacking the characteristics of mature macrophages which develop from the bone marrow independently of thymic influence. NK cells play a crucial role in tumor rejection, immune surveillance, resistance to infections, and immune regulation. NK cell destruction of cancer cells involves a sequence of events.

First, the NK cell recognizes and binds to the cancer cell. This process requires receptor-to-receptor interaction. Next, the NK cell releases granules which penetrate the cancer cell and ultimately kill it. The NK cell is then free to bind to another cancer cell and repeat the same process. However, cancer cells know how to fight back in a sort of cell war. We found for the first time in our laboratory that cancer cells can destroy WBCs through the phenomenon of phagocytosis. We have observed three ways in which this is done. The cancer cell can extend two arms around the WBC or it can develop a cup-shaped opening where the WBC is drawn inside. A third way is for the cancer cell to extend a long arm to capture the WBC and finally draw it inside the cancer cell where it is digested. In addition, extensive work by others has shown that cancer cells secrete immune-suppressive substances which inhibit the function of the immune system. Many attempts have been made in the last 25 years to strengthen the power of the immune system using different biological response modifiers (BRMs). These are substances originating from bacteria and fungi which possess immunoaugmentory properties. In addition, some kinds of cytokines serve as BRMS such as interferons, interleukin-2 and interleukin-12. There are two problems associated with these BRMS: 1st) toxicity and 2nd) the development of hyporesponsiveness in which a single administration of the BRM can significantly enhance NK cell activity, but that repeated administration of the same BRM results in depression of NK cell activity. It is interesting to note that MGN-3 has advantages over other BRMs. It is nontoxic and has not shown hyporesponsiveness in the four years that the patients have been followed. This work was undertaken in order to investigate the augmentory effect of a new BRM known as MGN-3 on NK cell function and T and B cell proliferation in 32 patients. Tumor-associated antigens were reported for selected patients.

Experience with Administration of ImunoBran/BioBran in Patients with Chronic Rheumatism

  • Kenichi Ichihashi 

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The functional food, rice bran arabynoxylan derivative (BioBran), was administered for a long period to patients with chronic rheumatism given mainly symptomatic treatments with steroids, to evaluate its supplementary effect with representative treatments for rheumatism, such as steroids, analgesics, and thermotherapy. Steroids are essential for treatment of rheumatism, but it is desirable to minimize the dose, because they may cause adverse reactions. In recent years, there have been many reports on the functions of food ingredients, including superoxide scavenging and biophylaxis improving actions. This study evaluated the efficacy of BioBran, a functional food material. BioBran has been reported to have the effects of activationg natural killer cells (NK cells) and inhibiting inflammation. The author confirmed and reported that it relieved cold sympthoms in the elderly. The present study, where 8 patients with chronic rheumatism were given BioBran for 6 to 12 months, demonstrated the improvements of symptoms and QOL, suggesting its effectiveness. 

The enhancing effects of ImunoBran/BioBran/MGN‑3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, on healthy old adults' health‑related quality of life: a randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled clinical trial

  • A. F. Elsaid, R. M. Fahmi, M. Shaheen, M. Ghoneum

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Purpose The world's older population is growing rapidly and the need to find measures to combat age-associated decline of physical, mental, and cognitive functions and improve their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is escalating. Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, has been previously reported to improve the quality of life in cancer patients. The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of a low dose of Biobran/MGN-3 supplementation on the HRQOL in a healthy older adult population. Methods Sixty apparently healthy subjects, 40 males and 20 females, over 56 years old were recruited and blindly randomized into two group receiving either placebo or Biobran/MGN-3 (250 mg/day for 3 months). Participants did not take any vitamins or medications during the study and their health was closely monitored. HRQOL was assessed at the initiation and termination of the study using the previously validated Arabic version of SF-12v2 questionnaire. Results For all measured HRQOL domains, there was no statistically significant difference in baseline scores between the two groups. Compared to baseline values and placebo-treated subjects, Biobran/MGN-3 supplementation significantly enhanced the levels of physical and mental component summary scores as well as role-physical, bodily pain, vitality, and social functioning subdomain scores. Conclusion These results show that Biobran/MGN-3 is a promising psychoneuroimmune modulatory agent that could improve the HRQOL in healthy old adults.

The orally administration of the Hydrolysis Rice Bran prevents a common cold syndrome for elderly people based on immunomodulatory function

  • Kenji Tazawa, Kenichi Ichihashi, Takako Fujii, Kazunobu Omura, Mari Anazawa, Hiroaki Maeda

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The preventive effect of RIBEX against the common cold syndrome was examined on elderly people. RIBEX, containing arabinoxylan derivatives Hydrolysis Rice Bran (HRB), was prepared from the water soluble dietary fiber fraction from rice bran through partial processing by carbohydrate complex of Lentinus Edodes mycelia (shiitake). Using the non-chemical and non-biological treated water soluble fraction of Rice Bran (RB) as control, the examination was conducted by the cross-over double blind manner through the administration term of 6 weeks for each material. Fifty elderly people who stayed in a care institution under Japan`s Long-term Care Insurance participated in this study. The results of thirty-six participants who showed comparative data in both terms were analyzed stastistically. The most popular reason for withdrawal from the study was "leaving from the institution by a care contact". There was no withdrawal due to the side effects of test foods. We observed symptoms such as "cough", "fatigue", "fever", "sore throat", "sputum", "nasal signs", and "sore breast", and calculated them, based on the juggements of the medical staff. Although thirteen participants (36.1%) experienced at least one symptom in the both terms, the total scores were significantly high value (p<0.05) in the term of R.B. The average duration in which the participants experienced symptoms was 2.6 days in the term of RB whereas 1.2 days in that of HRB, which was not statistically significant. While there are many reports that HRB increases NK cell activity, no significant data was observed in this study because the participants had enough NK cell acitivites from the start. HRB shortened the duration of the symptoms, reduced the worse and the necessity of symptomatic therapy, and was useful for the reduction of physical burden of acute respiratory tract infection.

The Natural Killer Cell in Anticancer Therapy - An Important Role for Natural Compounds

  • Professor Serge Jurasunas, MD(Hom), ND

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Abstract: Patients, but also doctors, are usually not wel informed about the role played by a specific immune cell, known as the natural killer (NK) cell, and its relation to cancer. An NK cell can kill cancer cells directly without needing an antigen and, therefore, can kill more quickly. Considerable research into how NK cells function has been done over the past 20 years in order to improve cancer treatment, especially for high-risk patients.1Natural killer (NK) cells are central components of innate immunity and play a pivotal role in responding to tumors with perforin and granzymes (cytotoxic granules). NK cells use either the intrinsic apoptotic mechanism or, independently of perforin, through TRAIL, an apoptotic protein that interacts with the receptor of the target cell. Under stimuli, natural killer (NK) cells also produce several cytokines, including IL12, IL10, IFN-γ , TNF, that in turn activate other immune cells (such as T-cells, macrophages), the maturation of dendritic cells, as well as the inhibition of angiogenesis.In this article, we describe the mechanism and evidence of the NK cell as an immunomodulator with other anti-cancer properties. NK cells have a major role to play in cancer prevention and treatment and in viral infections as well. NK cells can be seen as a new, efficient, safe immunotherapy for malignant disease. A number of natural compounds, including mushrooms, rice bran arabinoxylan, and curcumin, enhance the efficacy of NK cells in controlling cancer.


Standardized Plant Immunomodulator Increases the Effect of MEK and BRAF Inhibitors with Clinical Benefit. Case Report of a Patient with Carcinoma in Biliary Duct

  • Tibor Hajto, Medical University Pecs, Sziget u. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.

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Abstract Background: Targeting hyperactive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade has proven to be an effective treatment for a variety of different cancers. Using an important member of this cascade, namely MEK (mitogen-activated extracellular signal regulation kinase) inhibitors, the clinical responses are often transient and complete remission is rarely observed.. It was shown that growth factor receptor signaling pathway inhibitors can increase the immune sensitivity of tumor cells but they can't activate the down regulated immune effectors. Consequently, the combination of MAPK cascade signaling pathway inhibitors and the immune effectors activating immunomodulators may be a promising new strategy. Material and Methods: In a now 59 years old patient with inoperable (BRAF-mutant) low differentiated adenocarcinoma of biliary ducts after 30GY radiotherapy and two cycles (Gemcitabin+ Cisplatin) chemotherapy a rapid progression of lung, liver and brain metastases were by CT and MR established. A treatment was tarted with BRAF+MEK inhibitors (2x150 mg dabrafenib and 1 x 2 mg trametinib). These inhibitors were combined with daily 45 mg/kg rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate (using Biobran/MGN-3) which was shown to be a pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-like molecule and can stimulate the type-1 innate immune cells against tumor cells. Results: After the chemotherapy and before the start of second-line treatment, the patient had a nearly terminal state of her rapidly progressive disease. Eight months after the combination of MEK / BRAF inhibitor and immunomodulator therapy nearly complete remissions of all metastases were established in CT and MR. Conclusion: This case report may support a hypothesis that MEK / BRAF inhibitors and type-1 immune cells activating immunomodulators together may synergistically inhibit the tumor growth. Further clinical investigations are necessary to clarify this question. Keywords: mek-inhibitor; dabrafenib; braf-inhibitor; trametinib; immunomodulatory treatment; tumor disease; rice bran arabinoxylan.


Impact of Ingestion of Rice Bran and Shitake Mushroom Extract on Lymphocyte Function and Cytokine Production in Healthy Rats

  • Scott Giese, BS, George Richard Sabell, BS, Mary Coussons-Read, PhD

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ABSTRACT. This article provides a controlled evaluation of the ability of dietary supplementation with a commercially available rice bran extract modified with shitake mushroom extract (MGN-3) to support the immune function by assessing the ability of immunocytes to proliferate and produce cytokines in response to a mitogenic challenge. Twenty-four male Lewis rats were fed a control diet (Maypo sweetened oatmeal) or Maypo containing the recommended daily dose of MGN-3 for 2 weeks. This treatment modestly enhanced mitogen enhanced proliferation of splenocytes and interferon-gamma (IFN-g) production, and significantly increased proliferation of splenocytes to the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) as well as natural killer (NK) cell activity and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) by stimulated lymphocytes. These data support the contention that ingestion of MGN-3 can support immune cell function. These data add to a growing body of data showing that ingestion of MGN-3 improves the ability of immune cells to proliferate the lyse tumor cells, suggesting that it may have utility as a dietary aid to support the immune system.

Enhancing effect of streptozotocin-induced insulin deficit on antitumor innate immune defense in rats

  • Hajto Tibor, Péczely László, Kuzma Monika, Hormay Edina, Ollmann Tamás, Jaksó Pál, Baranyai Lilla and Karádi Zoltán, 2022

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Abstract: Background: There are conflicting data about the relationship between diabetes mellitus and cancer risk in that growing evidence suggest a possible role of endogenous elevated insulin level which is often found in Non-Insulin-Dependent-Diabetes-Mellitus or an exogenous hyperinsulinemia observed often in Insulin-Dependent-Diabetes-Mellitus. In the last years higher attention focused on the role of immunoregulation both in the insulin production by β-cell of Langerhans-islets and in the insulin sensitivity (resistance) of insulin receptors. Interestingly, cytokines from type-2 innate immune cells, such as M2 macrophages or D2 dendritic cells exhibit a protective effect on both types of diabetes. However, the effect of insulin on the balance between type-1 and type-2 natural immune mechanisms, which is important for the tumour defence, was poorly investigated. Material and methods: Streptozotocin (STX)-treated Wister rats was treated per oral with a non-optimal single dose of an evidence based and standardized plant immunomodulator, namely Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Concentrate (RBAC) which has been shown to activate type-1 innate immune cells (such as M1, D1 and NK cells). 24h after a single dose of RBAC (45mg/kg) four parameters of NK cells were determined with flow cytometry using stained CD161-APC and CD314-PE monoclonal antibodies and by haematological examinations. The results were compared with negative controls (without STX or RBAC treatment). Results: Since STX caused a significantly reduced lymphocyte production in bone marrow, only the RBAC-induced relative increases in number of NKR-P1+ and LGL cells among the all lymphocyte population parallel with the frequency and intensity of the most important Killing Activator Receptor, namely NKG2D among the total NK cell population were determined. In the STX-untreated group RBAC induced only not significant increases compared with negative control values. However, in STX-treated groups all four NK parameters revealed RBAC-induced significant increases (p<0.05) compared to the negative controls. Conclusion: These results suggest the hypothesis that insulin deficit can increase the immunomodulator-induced activation of type-1 innate immune cells indicating that insulin takes part on regulation of the natural immune balance inhibiting the type-1 innate antitumor defence.

ImunoBran/BioBran - augmented maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells

  • D.Cholujova, J.Jakubikova, J.Sedlak, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.)

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Abstract: BioBran, enzymatically modified arabinoxylan from rice bran was tested for its possible effects on in vitro maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). Immature DC (iDC) derived from plastic-adhered, IL-4 and GM-CSF treated peripheral monocytes (Mo) were further cultured with cytokine maturation mix 1 (CMM1; TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) or CMM2 (LPS and IFN-γ) to induce their maturation into mature DC (matDC1 or matDC2, respectively). Different concentrations of BioBran (10, 100, 400 and 1000 μg/ml) were applied in the presence or absence of relevant CMM to assess the effects of BioBran on DC maturation processes. BioBran induced maturation of iDC, as these cells cultured with IL-4/GMCSF/BioBran down-regulated CD14 and CD1a antigens on cell surface and significantly increased expression of maturation marker CD83. The increase of surface density of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on iDC in the presence of BioBran was also observed. In addition, BioBran induced functional maturation of iDC, confirmed by decreased endocytic activity of iDC. Furtheremore, BioBran enhanced maturation potential of cytokine mixes, as both matDC1 and matDC2 exposed to BioBran completely lost CD14 and upregulated CD83, CD80 and CD86 antigens, in comparison to DC matured with the relevant CMM alone. BioBran also increased CD123 antigen on all DC subsets. Intristingly, matDC2 matured in the presence of BioBran (400µg/ml) expressed higher levels of CD123 and lower levels of CD11c cell surface antigens, the phenotype represented by CD11cdim CD123bright plasmacytoid DC population. These data demonstrate that BioBran is a potent enhancer of DC maturation and suggest that BioBran might be a useful agent to create the environment that favours DC maturation.

RBAC and Its Role with the Immune System

  • Fred Pescatore, MD, MPH; Carmelo Prestano, LPN; Malka Kichikova

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ABSTRACT: Context • Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound (RBAC) is a trusted and proven immunomodulator made from a rice bran extract that has been enzymatically modified with an enzyme complex from the shiitake mushroom. Objective • The study's primary objective was to identify the role of RBAC in supporting cancer therapies. Design • The author designed an open study. Participants • Participants were 14 patients who are suffering from various type of malignancies. Intervention • BRM4 capsules-a commercially available, proprietary RBAC supplement-were administered. Outcome Measures • The study measured circulating tumor cells (CTC) and tumor markers-the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and cancer antigens 125 (CA125) 15-3 (CA15-3), and 27-29 (CA27-29) for the relevant malignancy. Results • Twelve out of 14 participants completed the protocol, and two participants died during the study. Of the 12 participants completing the study, the CTC levels were reduced in 10, with a statistically significant difference between the testing at baseline and postintervention (P = .0047). The tumor markers of various malignancies decreased for nine out the 12 participants, and one participant experienced remission. Conclusions • The results suggest that the product can be an effective immunomodulator that can complement conventional cancer treatment. (Altern Ther Health Med. 2022;28(1):8-10).

Dietary Supplementation with ImunoBran/BioBran/MGN-3 Increases Innate Resistance and Reduces the Incidence of Influenza-like Illnesses in Elderly Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial

  • Ahmed F. Elsaid , Sudhanshu Agrawal , Anshu Agrawal and Mamdooh Ghoneum, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2021

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Abstract: Influenza-like illness (ILI) remains a major cause of severe mortality and morbidity in the elderly. Aging is associated with a decreased ability to sense pathogens and mount effective innate and adaptive immune responses, thus mandating the development of protective nutraceuticals. Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan from rice bran, has potent anti-aging and immunomodulatory effects, suggesting that it may be effective against ILI. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Biobran/MGN-3 on ILI incidence, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and the expressions of RIG-1 (retinoic acid-inducible gene 1), MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5), and their downstream signaling genes ISG-15 (interferon-stimulated genes 15) and MX1 (myxovirus (influenza) resistance 1, interferon-inducible). A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial included eighty healthy older adults over 55 years old, 40 males and 40 females, who received either a placebo or Biobran/MGN-3 (500 mg/day) for 3 months during known ILI seasonality (peak incidence) in Egypt. The incidence of ILI was confirmed clinically according to the WHO case definition criteria. Hematological, hepatic, and renal parameters were assessed in all subjects, while the activity of NK and NKT (natural killer T) cells was assessed in six randomly chosen subjects in each group by the degranulation assay. The effect of Biobran/MGN-3 on RIG-1 and MDA5, as well as downstream ISG15 and MX1, was assessed in BEAS-2B pulmonary epithelial cells using flow cytometry. The incidence rate and incidence density of ILI in the Biobran/MGN-3 group were 5.0% and 0.57 cases per 1000 person-days, respectively, compared to 22.5% and 2.95 cases per 1000 person-days in the placebo group. Furthermore, Biobran/MGN-3 ingestion significantly enhanced NK activity compared to the basal levels and to the placebo group. In addition, Biobran/MGN-3 significantly upregulated the expression levels of RIG-1, MDA5, ISG15, and MX1 in the human pulmonary epithelial BEAS-2B cell lines. No side effects were observed. Taken together, Biobran/MGN-3 supplementation enhanced the innate immune response of elderly subjects by upregulating the NK activity associated with reduction of ILI incidence. It also upregulated the intracellular RIG-1, MDA5, ISG15, and MX1 expression in pulmonary epithelial tissue cultures. Biobran/MGN-3 could be a novel agent with prophylactic effects against a wide spectrum of respiratory viral infections that warrants further investigation.

Arabinoxylan rice bran (ImunoBran/MGN-3/Biobran) alleviates radiation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction of mice in a mitochondrion-dependent manner                       

  • Zhenguo Zhao , Wei Chengb, Wei Qu , Kai Wang, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2020
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Abstract: MGN-3 is an arabinoxylan from rice bran that has been shown to be an excellent antioxidant and radioprotector.  This study examined the protective effects of MGN-3 on radiation-induced intestinal injury. Mice were treated with MGN-3 prior to irradiation, then continued to receive MGN-3 for 4 weeks thereafter. MGN-3 increased the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ, the intercellular ATP content, the mitochondria-encoded gene expression and mitochondrial copy numbers in the jejunal and colonic mucosa. MGN-3 reduced the oxidative stress levels and inflammatory response indicators in the serum and jejunal and colonic mucosa. Antioxidant indicators such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity were significantly increased in the serum and jejunal and colonic mucosa in the MGN-3 group. Moreover, MGN-3 decreased the gene abundances and enzymatic activities of caspase-3, 8, 9 and 10 in the jejunal and colonic mucosa. The endotoxin, diamine peroxidase, D-lactate and zonulin levels were significantly reduced in the serum and jejunal and colonic mucosa in the MGN-3 group. MGN-3 also markedly upregulated the gene abundances of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1 and mucin 2. MGN-3 effectively attenuated radiation-induced changes in the intestinal epithelial mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, intestinal permeability and barrier function in mice. These findings add to our understanding of the potential mechanisms by which MGN-3 alleviates radioactive intestinal injury.

Chemopreventive role of arabinoxylan rice bran, ImunoBran/MGN-3/Biobran, on liver carcinogenesis in rats          

  • Nariman K. Badr El-Din, Doaa A. Ali, Reem Othman, Samuel W. French, Mamdooh Ghoneum, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2020

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Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and one of the most lethal. MGN-3/Biobran is a natural product derived from rice bran hemicelluloses and has been reported to possess a potent anticancer effect in a clinical study of patients with HCC. The current study examines the mechanisms by which Biobran protects against chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. The chemical carcinogen used in this study is N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) plus carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Rats were treated with this carcinogen, and the animals were pretreated or posttreated with Biobran via intraperitoneal injections until the end of the experiment. Treatment with Biobran resulted in: 1) significant alleviation of liver preneoplastic lesions towards normal hepatocellular architecture in association with inhibition of collagen fiber deposition; 2) arrest of cancer cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle; 3) increased DNA fragmentation in cancer cells; 4) down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulated expression of p53, Bax, and caspase-3; and 5) protection against carcinogen-induced suppression of IkappaB-alpha (IκB-α) mRNA expression and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB/p65) expression. Additionally, the effect of Biobran treatment was found to be more significant when supplemented prior to carcinogen-induced hepatocarcinogenesis as compared to posttreatment. We conclude that Biobran inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis in rats by mechanisms that include induction of apoptosis, inhibition of inflammation, and suppression of cancer cell proliferation. Biobran may be a promising chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent for liver carcinogenesis...

The Immunomodulating Effects of Arabinoxylan Rice Bran (Lentin) on Hematologic Profile, Nutritional Status and Quality of Life among Head and Neck Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy: A Double Blind Randomized Control Trial

  • Dorothy Faye S. Tan, MD; Jerickson Abbie S. Flores, MD, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2020

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Abstract: Immunostimulants have been explored to reduce the complications of radiation/chemotherapy. This double blind randomized trial aimed to determine the immunomodulating effects of Lentin among head and neck cancer patients in addressing radiation treatment complications such as anemia, leukopenia, weight loss and improvement of quality of life. Sixty-five (65) patients were enrolled and given either Lentin or placebo - 2 weeks prior, during radiation/chemoradiotherapy and 2 months after. Complete Blood Count, Body Mass Index, percent weight loss and EORTC Quality of Life questionnaires QLQ H&N35 were used to assess the degree of anemia, weight loss and quality of life. Overall CBC results revealed higher values on all parameters in Lentin arm. Upon completion of radiochemotherapy, the Lentin arm showed significantly higher mean hemoglobin by 1.30 g/dL (p=0.010), hematocrit (p=0.001), RBC (p=0.001) and platelets (p=0.017). Also, higher overall BMI (22.69 versus 21.52) and a lower percent weight loss (6.10% versus 6.91%) for Lentin compared to placebo were noted with p-values of 0.199 and 0.571, respectively. Treatment related toxicity using the RTOG grading showed lower severity scores on all parameters (p-values: >0.05) and better QoL scores for patients taking Lentin (p-value: 0.019). Results from this study showed better clinical outcomes for patients taking Lentin. These have led to fewer blood transfusions, treatment delays and hospital admissions, avoidance of treatment mortalities and morbidities, and improved quality of life among head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Arabinoxylan rice bran (ImunoBran/MGN-3/Biobran) enhances radiotherapy in animals bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma

  • Nariman K. Badr El-Din,*, Said K. Areida , Kvan O. Ahmed and Mamdooh Ghoneum, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2019

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Abstract: This study examines the ability of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) to enhance the anti-cancer effects of fractionated X-ray irradiation of Ehrlich solid tumor-bearing mice. Swiss albino mice bearing tumors were exposed to the following: (i) Biobran treatment (40 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injections) beginning on day 11 post-tumor cell inoculation until day 30; (ii) ionizing radiation (Rad) 2 Gy at three consecutive doses on days 12, 14 and 16; or (iii) Biobran + Rad. Final tumor weight was suppressed by 46% for Biobran, 31% for Rad and 57% for the combined treatment (Biobran + Rad) relative to control untreated mice. Biobran and Rad also arrested the hypodiploid cells in the sub-G1-phase, signifying apoptosis by +102% and +85%, respectively, while the combined treatment induced apoptosis by +123%, with similar results in the degree of DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, Biobran + Rad upregulated the relative gene expression and protein level of p53 and Bax in tumor cells, down-regulated Bcl-2 expression, and increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity, with the combined treatment greater than for either treatment alone. Additionally, the combined treatment modulated the decrease in body weight, the increase in liver and spleen weight, and the elevation of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase to be within normal values. We conclude that Biobran enhances radiation therapy-induced tumor regression by potentiating apoptosis and minimizing toxicities related to radiation therapy, suggesting that Biobran may be useful in human cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and warranting clinical trials.

The Novel Effects of a Hydrolyzed Polysaccharide Dietary Supplement on Immune, Hepatic, and Renal Function in Adults with HIV in a Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Control Trial

  • John E. Lewis, Steven E. Atlas, Muhammad H. Abbas, Ammar Rasul, Ashar Farooqi, Laura A. Lantigua, Frederick Michaud, Sharon Goldberg, Lucas C. Lages, Oscar L. Higuera, Andrea Fiallo, Eduard Tiozzo, Judi M. Woolger, Stephanie Ciraula, Armando Mendez, Allan Rodriguez & Janet Konefal, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2018

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Abstract: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of a hydrolyzed polysaccharide, rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC), on immune, hepatic, and renal function in HIV þ individuals. A six-month randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was utilized to conduct the intervention. Forty-seven HIV þ participants on stable antiretroviral therapy were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two study conditions (n 1⁄4 22 RBAC and n 1⁄4 25 placebo) and consumed 3 gram/day of either compound for six months. Participants were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months follow-up for CD4þ and CD8þ, liver enzymes, and kidney function. No side effects were reported, and liver and kidney markers nearly remained completely within normal limits. The percentage change in CD4þ was similar for the placebo (þ2.2%) and RBAC (þ3.1%) groups at 6 months follow-up. The percentage change in CD8þ count significantly decreased from baseline to 6 months in the RBAC group(-5.2%), whereas it increased in the placebo group (þ57.8%; p 1⁄4 0.04). The CD4þ/CD8þ ratio improved clinically in the RBAC group from 0.95 (SD 1⁄40.62) at baseline to 1.07 (SD 1⁄40.11) at 6 months, whereas it declined in the placebo group from 0.96 (SD 1⁄40.80) at baseline to 0.72 (SD 1⁄40.59) at 6 months. Our results showed a statistically significant decrease in CD8þ count and a clinically significant increase in CD4þ/CD8þ ratio for the RBAC group compared to the placebo group. Thus, the results of this study suggest that the immunomodulatory and antisenescent activities of RBAC are promising for the HIV population.


New Perspectives to Improve the MHC-I Unrestricted Immune Mechanisms against Malignant Tumors

  • Tibor Hajto, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2018

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Abstract: Since malignant tumors parallel with their progression can lose their sensitivity against the MHC-I restricted T lymphocytes because of their escape in tumor antigen presenting, we need immunomodulators which are able to activate MHC-I unrestricted tumoricidal mechanisms of innate immune system. In contrast to the adaptive system, the innate immune cells have regularly a basic activity (priming) which can determine their function ability and render possible a polarity similar to neuroendocrine system. Namely, innate immune cells are committed in two directions. Type-1 cells involve tumoricidal cascade mechanisms which activate the MHC-I unrestricted killer cells (such as NK-cells) and Type-2 cells activate cell proliferation by production of Growth Factors (GFs), affect chronic inflammation, stimulate the angiogenesis and inhibit the type-1 system. As shown in this paper the activity of type 1 cells is down regulated parallel with the tumor progression and available information suggest a regular tumor-induced dominance of type-2 cells. Immunomodulators must improve this disturbed balance. Type-1 natural cells can be activated only via stimulation of phagocytic cells by PAMP like structures which have always a natural origin and the chemistry is not able to produce them. In the tumoricidal activity of MHC-I unrestricted killer cells the expression of NKG2D receptors and the expression of their stress related ligands (MICA/B, UBPL1-3) have pivotal regulatory role generating the kill signal. The aim of this review paper to support hypotheses as to whether an increase in expression of KAR on MHC-I unrestricted killer cells by evidence based plant immunomodulators and parallel stimulating the expression of stress related ligands on tumor cells by GFR inhibitors or cytostatic drugs (such as Gemcitabin) can result in clinical benefits. Case reports using standardized Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Concentrate (Biobran/MGN-3) in combination with GFR inhibitors or Gemcitabin show astonishing clinical responses. Unfortunately, in spite of clinical and immunological evidences this plant immunomodulator is registered only as food supplements and a further research of these hypotheses is therefore hindered.

The Effect of a Hydrolyzed Polysaccharide Dietary Supplement on Biomarkers in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

  • John E. Lewis , Steven E. Atlas, Oscar L. Higuera, Andrea Fiallo, Ammar Rasul, Ashar Farooqi, Olga Kromo, Laura A. Lantigua, Eduard Tiozzo , Judi M. Woolger, Sharon Goldberg, Armando Mendez , Allan E. Rodriguez, and Janet Konefal, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2018

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 Abstract: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrolyzed polysaccharide, Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound (RBAC), on biomarkers in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A 90-day randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of RBAC on complete blood count, liver enzymes, lipids, oxidative stress markers, cytokines, and growth factors. Twenty-three adults with NAFLD were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two study conditions (n = 12 RBAC and n = 11 placebo) and consumed 1 gram/day of either compound for 90 days. Subjects were assessed at baseline and 45 and 90 days. No adverse effects were reported. Alkaline phosphatase significantly decreased (−3.1%; SD = 19.9; F[1, 19] = 5.1, p = 0.03) in the RBAC group compared to placebo. Percent monocytes (17.9%; SD = 18.3; F[1, 19] = 5.9, p = 0.02) and percent eosinophils (30.6%; SD = 30.5; F[1, 19] = 12.3, p < 0.01) increased in the RBAC group. IFN-γ (156%; SD = 131.8; F[1, 19] = 4.2, p = 0.06) and IL-18 (29.1%; SD = 64; F[1, 19] = 5.3, p = 0.03) increased in the RBAC group compared to placebo. Other improvements were noted for platelets, neutrophils, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, γ-glutamyl transferase, and 4-hydroxynonenal. RBAC had beneficial effects on several biomarkers that add to the known immunomodulatory activities of RBAC, which may be promising for people with NAFLD.

Evidence-Based Review of ImunoBran/BioBran/ MGN-3 Arabinoxylan Compound as a Complementary Therapy for Conventional Cancer Treatment

  • Soo Liang Ooi, MMath, BHSc (Comp Med) , Debbie McMullen, BHSc (Comp Med), Terry Golombick, PhD, Dipl Nut , and Sok Cheon Pak, PhD, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2017 

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Abstract Introduction: Conventional cancer treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, may not be sufficient to eradicate all malignant cells and prevent recurrence. Intensive treatment often leads to a depressed immune system, drug resistance, and toxicity, hampering the treatment outcomes. BioBran/MGN-3 Arabinoxylan is a standardized arabinoxylan concentrate which has been proposed as a plant-based immunomodulator that can restore the tumor-induced disturbance of the natural immune system, including natural killer cell activity to fight cancer, complementing conventional therapies. Objectives: To comprehensively review the available evidence on the effects and efficacies of MGN-3 as a complementary therapy for conventional cancer treatment. Methods: Systematic search of journal databases and gray literature for primary studies reporting the effects of MGN-3 on cancer and cancer treatment. Results: Thirty full-text articles and 2 conference abstracts were included in this review. MGN-3 has been shown to possess immunomodulating anticancer effects and can work synergistically with chemotherapeutic agents, in vitro. In murine models, MGN-3 has been shown to act against carcinogenic agents, and inhibit tumor growth, either by itself or in combination with other anticancer compounds. Fourteen successful MGN-3 treated clinical cases were found. Eleven clinical studies, including 5 nonrandomized, pre-post intervention studies and 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were located. Reported effects include enhanced immunoprofile, reduced side effects, improved treatment outcomes; one RCT established significantly increased survival rates. There are no reports on adverse events on MGN-3. Most of the clinical trials are small studies with short duration. Conclusion: There is sufficient evidence suggesting MGN-3 to be an effective immunomodulator that can complement conventional cancer treatment. However, more well-designed RCTs on MGN-3 are needed to strengthen the evidence base.

ImunoBran/Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, enhances NK cell activity in geriatric subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

  • AHMED F. ELSAID, MAGDA SHAHEEN and MAMDOOH GHONEUM, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2017

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Abstract: Aging is associated with a decline in natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cell function that may contribute to increased susceptibility to malignancy and infection. A preliminary investigation was conducted examining the hypothesis that arabinoxylan rice bran (Biobran/MGN-3), a denatured hemicellulose with known immunomodulatory activity, could counteract this decline in NK/NKT cell activity in geriatrics. A total of 12 healthy geriatric subjects of both sexes and over 56 years old, participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of six subjects served as control and six subjects ingested Biobran/MGN-3 (500 mg/day) for 30 days. The effect of Biobran/MGN-3 supplementation on NK/NKT cell activity was assessed using the degranulation assay. All study subjects were monitored for the development of any inadvertent side effects. In addition, the pharmacological effects of Biobran/MGN-3 on blood cell components and liver and kidney functions were also assessed. Results demonstrated that Biobran/MGN-3 had no effect on the total percentage of NK cells, however it enhanced the cytotoxic activity of induced NK cell expression of cluster of differentiation 107a, when compared with baseline values and with the placebo group (P<0.05). Furthermore, there were no side effects observed, indicating that Biobran/MGN-3 supplementation was safe at the utilized dosage and for the duration of administration. Various additional beneficial effects were observed, including improved mean corpuscular volume and reduced hepatic aspartate aminotransferase enzyme levels, which suggested improved liver function. It was concluded that Biobran/MGN-3 induces a significant increase in NK activity which may increase resistance to viral infections and cancers in the geriatric population. However, additional clinical trials should be conducted in the future to verify these findings.

Can a standardized plant immunomodulator (rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate/MGN-3) increase the effects of MEK and BRAF inhibitors with clinical benefit? Case report of a patient with carcinoma in biliary duct

  • Tibor Hajto, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2017

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Background: Targeting hyperactive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade has proven to be an effective treatment for a variety of different cancers. Using an important member of this cascade, namely MEK (mitogen activated extracellular signal regulation kinase) inhibitors, the clinical responses are often transient and complete remission is rarely observed. Outgrowth of resistant clones within progressed tumors appears to be inevitable. Recent immunological and clinical observations suggest that in background of this resistance the tumor-.induced disturbance of immunoregulation at least in part may play a role. Namely, it was shown that growth factor receptor signaling pathway inhibitors can increase the immune sensitivity of tumor cells, but they can't activate the down regulated immune effectors. Consequently, the combination of MAPK cascade signaling pathway inhibitors and the immune effectors activating immunomodulators may be a promising new strategy. Material and methods: In a now 59 years old patient with inoperable (BRAF-mutant) low differentiated adenocarcinoma of bilary ducts after 30GY radiotherapy and two cycles (Gemcitabin+ Cisplatin) chemotherapy a rapid progression of lung, liver and brain metastases were by CT and MR established. Thereafter, a teatment with BRAF+MEK inhibitors (2x150 mg dabrafenib and 1 x 2 mg trametinib) was started. These inhibitors were combined with daily 45 mg/kg rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate (using Biobran/MGN-3) which was shown to be a pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-like molecule and can stimulate the type-1 innate immune cells against tumor cells. Results: After the chemotherapy and prior to the start of second line treatment, the patient had a nearly terminal state of her rapidly progressive disease. Eight months after the combination of MEK / BRAF inhibitor and immunomodulator therapy nearly complete remissions of all metastases was established in CT and MR. Conclusion: This case report may support a hypothesis that MEK / BRAF inhibitors and type-1 immune cells activating immunomodulators together may synergistic inhibit the tumor growth. Further clinical investigations are necessary to clarify this question.

Un immunomodulateur végétal standardisé, fondé sur les faits (composé d'arabinoxylane de son de riz) peut-il accroître les effets de la gemcitabine de façon synergique? Étude de cas sur un patient présentant un carcinome canalaire du pancréas. 

  • Tibor Hajto, (édité par Chris Gutch PhD.), 2017

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Contexte : Le carcinome canalaire pancréatique est la principale cause de mortalité par cancer. La gemcitabine associée au nab-Paclitaxel en tant que traitement standard de première ligne permet d'observer une amélioration des paramètres cliniques, mais celle-ci n'est que transitoire. Les observations immunologiques suggèrent qu'en arrière-plan de cette résistance rapide, une dysrégulation de l'équilibre immunitaire induite par la tumeur peut également jouer un rôle. Il a été démontré que les cellules immunitaires innées de type 2 induites par la tumeur activent diverses cellules régulatrices inhibitrices et des facteurs de croissance qui peuvent diminuer à la fois l'activité des effecteurs immunitaires et la sensibilité immunitaire des cellules tumorales. Comme on le sait, la sensibilité immunitaire est liée aux molécules de stress A/B liées à la chaîne du CMH de classe I (MICA et MICB) sur les cellules tumorales, qui sont les ligands du principal récepteur activateur de l'élimination (NKG2D) sur les cellules tueuses naturelles (NK). En raison de la découverte, il y a plusieurs années, que la Gemcitabine peut augmenter l'expression des molécules MICA et MICB sur les cellules tumorales, sa combinaison avec un immunomodulateur basé sur des données probantes présente un intérêt clinique croissant. Matériel et méthodes : Ce rapport présente le cas d'un patient atteint d'un adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas métastatique et inopérable, qui a été traité par la gemcitabine (1678 mg) et le nab-paclitaxel (210 mg) tous les 1-8-15 jours du mois, en huit cycles. Cette thérapie a été régulièrement combinée avec 45 mg / kg de Biobran /MGN-3 administré par voie orale trois fois par semaine, qui est un concentré d'arabinoxylane de son de riz standardisé. Résultats : Chez un patient âgé de 56 ans, un adénocarcinome canalaire inopérable (39x46 mm) dans la partie caudale du pancréas avec des métastases hépatiques multiples (10-30 mm) a été établi par tomodensitométrie et biopsie. Le patient était en phase presque terminale (il avait perdu 27 kg de poids et souffrait de douleurs intenses). Trois mois après le début du traitement, la tomodensitométrie a révélé une rémission de la tumeur du pancréas (25x38 mm) et une diminution moyenne de 3 à 10 mm des métastases hépatiques. Sept mois plus tard, on a constaté une rémission complète de la tumeur du pancréas et une nouvelle diminution de 3 à 6 mm des métastases du foie. Après 10 mois, ces rémissions ont également été constatées. Le patient ne se plaint plus de rien et peut travailler à 100 %. Conclusion : La combinaison de la gemcitabine avec des immunomodulateurs standardisés et basés sur des preuves (comme le MGN-3) peut ouvrir de nouvelles stratégies dans la thérapie des tumeurs.

Urgent Necessity for Standardized and Evidence Based Plant Immunomodulators (Such As Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Concentrate/MGN-3) for the Tumor Research

  • Tibor Hajto, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2017

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Objective: Biological targeting therapies can inhibit the cascade of cell proliferation and enhance the sensitivity of malignant tumor cells against natural immune effector cells. Clinical observations suggest that their combination with evidence based and standardized plant immunomodulators (such as arabinoxylan concentrate using Biobran/MGN-3) can induce astonishing results. Since the escape of tumor cells from T lymphocytes is well known, growing interest is focusing on the Pathogenic Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) molecules which are able to stimulate the so called type-1 natural antitumor mechanisms in a MHC unrestricted manner. However, PAMP molecules exist only in the nature (bacteria and plants). The chemistry is not able to produce them. Bacteria are toxic. Therefore growing interest developed for the PAMP like molecules in the plants. Unfortunately, in terms of PAMP like molecules standardized plant immunomodulators (such as arabinoxylan concentrate in Biobran/MGN-3) are registered world over as food supplement and therefore their further clinical research in various oncological centers is inhibited. 

Can the EGFR inhibitors increase the immunomodulatory effects of standardized plant extracts (mistletoe lectin and arabonoxylan) with clinical benefit? Case report of a patient with lung adenocarcinoma

  • Tibor Hajto*, Anna Horváth, Lilla Baranyai, Monika Kuzma and Pál Perjési, 2016

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Background: It is well documented that cancer cells are characterized by loss or down regulation of HLA-class-I molecules which are not reversible and reparable. It leads to a definitive escape of tumor cells from T cell lyse. Consequently, growing attention is focusing on the effector cells of innate immune system which are able to kill tumor cells in a non-MHC restricted manner. However, parallel with the tumor progression the tumor growth inhibiting type-1 innate immune cells are down regulated, in that among other reasons a tumor-associated dysregulation of EGF signaling can also play an important role. Material and methods: Since a 74 year's old patient with inoperable lung adenocarcinoma showed a progression after four cycles Carboplatin and Paclitaxel, a second line treatment with 75 mg/day Erlotinib (Terceva) was started and given for seven months. This tyrosin-kinase inhibitor of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) therapy was combined with standardized plant immunomodulators giving 0.75 ng/kg mistletoe lectin and 0.45 mg/kg arabinoxylan twice a week which were shown to be pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-like molecules which can stimulate the type-1 innate immune cells. Results: After the chemotherapy and prior to the start of second line treatment the patient was in terminal state of her disease requiring an intensive care. She had multiplex metastases in liver, in lymph nodes and in pleura. After the treatment with Erlotinib and immunomodulators for seven months a nearly complete remission (CR) was established in CT and her quality of life has been excellent. Conclusion: This case report may support a hypothesis that EGFR inhibitors and type-1 immune cells activating immunomodulators together can synergistic inhibit the tumor growth. Further clinical investigations are necessary to clarify this question.


Du laboratoire à la table de nuit : l'arabinoxylane de son de riz (MGN-3/ImunoBran®) utilisé de plus en plus dans le traitement immunologique de cancer

  • Mamdooh Ghoneum, Département d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Université Charles Drew de médecine et de sciences, États-Unis, (édité par Chris Gutch PhD.), 2016

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Objectif : Le MGN-3/Biobran est une hémicellulose dénaturée obtenue en faisant réagir de l'hémicellulose de son de riz avec de multiples enzymes hydrolysant les hydrates de carbone des champignons Shiitake. Au cours des 24 dernières années, notre objectif de recherche fondamental a été d'étudier l'activité biothérapeutique du MGN-3 en tant que traitement du cancer, sur la base de sa capacité à activer le système immunitaire. Cet objectif a été poursuivi in vitro et dans le cadre d'études animales et humaines. Cette revue se concentre sur les effets immunomodulateurs du MGN-3 et sur son potentiel en tant qu'agent anticancéreux. Des études in vitro ont montré que la culture de différentes lignées de cellules cancéreuses humaines et murines avec du MGN-3 entraînait une réduction du taux de survie des cellules cancéreuses. Des études in vivo ont également montré que le MGN-3 induit une régression tumorale dans plusieurs modèles d'animaux porteurs de tumeurs, y compris le cancer gastrique, le neuroblastome et le carcinome d'Ehrlich. En outre, l'activité anticancéreuse du MGN-3 a été démontrée dans des essais cliniques sur l'homme et dans plusieurs rapports de cas sur des patients atteints de carcinome hépatocellulaire (HCC) et de cancer progressif et partiellement métastasé. Les patients traités avec le MGN-3 en plus de la thérapie conventionnelle (CT), en comparaison avec la CT seule, ont montré : 1) moins de récidive du cancer, 2) un taux de survie plus élevé et 3) une meilleure qualité de vie, caractérisée par des améliorations de l'activité physique, de l'appétit, du sommeil et de la digestion, ainsi qu'une diminution de la douleur et de l'anxiété. Cette revue résume la recherche préclinique et clinique sur le MGN-3/Biobran depuis qu'il a été breveté pour la première fois en 1992. Diverses études animales et essais cliniques chez l'homme, portant sur différents types de tumeurs malignes, ont démontré que le MGN-3 est un puissant modificateur de la réponse biologique (BRM). Le MGN-3 augmente la réactivité cytotoxique des cellules immunitaires ayant une activité anticancéreuse, telles que les cellules NK et les cellules T CD8+, en augmentant la granularité des cellules, en stimulant la production d'interférons, d'IL-2 et d'IL-12, et en fonctionnant comme un adjuvant naturel pour les cellules dendritiques (DC). Par conséquent, le MGN-3 peut être utilisé dans des stratégies vaccinales basées sur les cellules dendritiques contre les infections et le cancer. Il est important de noter que le MGN-3 est un BRM unique car il s'agit d'un agent sûr et non toxique qui ne présente pas d'hyporéactivité. Le MGN-3 a le potentiel d'être un nouvel adjuvant modulateur immunitaire prometteur qui pourrait compléter les modalités immunothérapeutiques existantes pour les patients atteints de cancer.


L'arabinoxylane de son de riz (ImunoBran®) réduit le taux de virémie chez les patients souffrant d'infection chronique HCV : essai randomisé*

  • Hosny Salama, Eman Medhat, Magda Shaheen, Abdel-Rahman N Zekri, Tarneem Darwish et Mamdooh Ghoneum, (édité par Chris Gutch PhD.), 2016

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Objectif : Les traitements actuels du virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) ont de graves effets secondaires et sont très coûteux. Il est nécessaire d'explorer des thérapies naturelles efficaces contre le VHC, moins toxiques et plus rentables. Dans la présente étude, 37 patients atteints de VHC chronique ont été répartis au hasard en deux groupes et traités soit par interféron pégylé (PEG IFN) plus ribavirine (n = 21), soit par Biobran, un arabinoxylane issu du son de riz (1 g/jour) (n = 16). Nous avons examiné la virémie, les enzymes hépatiques, les niveaux d'interféron-γ (IFN-γ) dans le sérum et la toxicité avant et trois mois après le traitement. Les deux groupes ont montré une réduction significative et similaire de la charge virale après trois mois de traitement par rapport à la charge virale de base (P <0,05). En outre, le traitement par Biobran a entraîné une augmentation significative du taux d'IFN-γ (P <0,001). Les patients du groupe PEG IFN plus ribavirine ont présenté de la fièvre, une anémie, une thrombocytopénie et une grande fatigue. Les patients du groupe Biobran n'ont présenté aucun effet secondaire et se sont déclarés en bonne santé. Nous concluons que Biobran est un nouveau régime thérapeutique potentiel qui a un effet similaire à l'association PEG IFN et ribavirine et qui est sûr et rentable dans le traitement du VHC chronique. Notre découverte de l'efficacité de Biobran contre l'infection par le VHC justifie un examen plus approfondi dans le cadre d'essais cliniques multiples (enregistrement des essais cliniques : NCT02690103).

Modified rice bran hemicellulose inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis in vitro via VEGFR2 and its downstream signalling pathways

  • Xia ZHU, Aya OKUBO, Naoki IGARI, Kentaro NINOMIYA and Yukari EGASHIRA, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2016

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Objective: Angiogenesis is implicated in diverse pathological conditions such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, and retinal neovascularization. In the present study, we investigated the effects of modified rice bran hemicellulose (MRBH), a water-soluble hemicellulose preparation from rice bran treated with shiitake enzymes, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in vitro and its mechanism. We found that MRBH significantly inhibited VEGF-induced tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-cultured with human dermal fibroblasts. We also observed that MRBH dose-dependently suppressed the VEGF-induced proliferation and migration of HUVECs. Furthermore, examination of the anti-angiogenic mechanism indicated that MRBH reduced not only VEGF-induced activation of VEGF receptor 2 but also of the downstream signalling proteins Akt, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. These findings suggest that MRBH has in vitro anti-angiogenic effects that are partially mediated through the inhibition of VEGF signalling. Key words: angiogenesis, modified rice bran hemicellulose, VEGF, inhibition, signalling pathway


L'activation des récepteurs de reconnaissance de motifs moléculaires provoquée par l'effet synergique des immunomodulateurs de plantes peut-elle améliorer l'efficacité du traitement oncologique? Étude du cas d'une patiente souffrant d'un sarcome de l'utérus et de l'ovaire.

  • Tibor Hajto, Lilla Baranyai, Angelika Kirsch, Monika Kuzma et Pal Perjési, (édité par Chris Gutch PhD.), 2015

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 Contexte : De plus en plus de preuves soutiennent l'hypothèse selon laquelle, à l'instar des microbes, divers extraits de plantes peuvent également contenir des structures semblables à des motifs moléculaires associés pathogènes (PAMP) qui peuvent activer des fonctions cellulaires de type 1 du système immunitaire inné. Étant donné qu'elles sont importantes pour la défense contre les tumeurs et que la production chimique de structures PAMP est difficilement réalisable, les extraits de plantes standardisés en fonction de leurs structures PAMP pourraient s'avérer prometteurs pour les futures thérapies anti-tumorales. Méthode : L'effet synergique de deux immunomodulateurs végétaux standardisés a été contrôlé par la mesure hémocytologique du niveau périphérique de cellules Natural Killer (NK). Des doses suboptimales de lectines d'istletoe (ML) et d'Arabinoxylan dans le MGN-3 ont été comparées en utilisant des volontaires sains. Résultats : 24h après une dose suboptimale (15 mg/kg) d'Arabinoxylan dans le MGN-3, une augmentation moyenne (+/-SEM) du niveau de NK était de 46,4 (+/-36) % et 24h après une injection suboptimale (0,45 ng/kg) de ML, une augmentation de 36 (+/-13) % a été trouvée. Si ces doses sous-optimales d'arabinoxylane et de ML étaient administrées ensemble, une augmentation très significative (293 +/-41%) a été établie, indiquant une synergie importante entre les deux (p<0,001). Une patiente atteinte d'un sarcome de l'utérus et de l'ovaire ne pouvait tolérer la chimiothérapie CYVADIC. Après sa combinaison avec le ML et l'Arabinoxylan en utilisant des doses optimales : 0,75 ng/kg et 45 mg/kg respectivement, elle a reçu six cycles de CYVADIC et, par la suite, seule l'immunothérapie lui a été administrée. Au cours des cinq années suivantes, elle n'a jamais eu de tumeur. Conclusion : La combinaison d'extraits de plantes standardisés avec des structures de type PAMP semble ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives dans la thérapie de soutien des tumeurs métastatiques. D'autres recherches sont nécessaires.

Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) enhances natural killer cell — mediated cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo 

  • Anton Pérez-Martínez, Jaime Valentín, Lucía Fernández, Enrique Hernández-Jiménez, Eduardo López—Collazo, Petra Zerbes, Ellen Schworer, Fernando Nuňéz, Inmaculada Génesis Martín, Hannah Sallis, Miguel Ángel Díaz, Rupert Handgretinger & Matthias Manuel Pfeiffer, 2015

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Background aims: Natural killer cell (NK) cytotoxic activity plays a major role in natural immunologic defences against malignancies. NK cells are emerging as a tool for adoptive cancer immunotherapies. Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) has been described as a biological response modifier that can enhance the cytotoxic activity of NK cells. This study evaluated the effect of MGN-3/Biobran on NK cell activation, expansion and cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma cells. Methods. NK cells were enriched with magnetic beads and stimulated with MGN-3/Biobran. NK cell activation was evaluated via analysis of their phenotype, and their expansion capability was tracked. The in vitro cytotoxic ability of the activated NK cells was tested against K562, Jurkat, A673, NB1691, A-204, RD and RH-30 cell lines and the in vivo cytotoxic ability against the NB1691 cell line. Results. MGN-3/Biobran stimulation of NK cells induced a higher expression of the activationassociated receptors CD25 and CD69 than in unstimulated cells (P < 0.05). The expression of NKG2D, DNAM, NCRs and TLRs remained unchanged. Overnight MGN-3/Biobran stimulation increased NK cell cytotoxic activity against all cell lines tested in vitro and decelerated neuroblastoma growth in vivo. The mechanism is not mediated by lipopolysaccharide contamination in MGN-3/Biobran. Furthermore, the addition of MGN-3/Biobran promoted NK cell expansion and decreased T cells in vitro. Conclusions. Our data show that MGN-3/Biobran upregulates NK cell activation markers, stimulates NK cell cytotoxic activity against neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo and selectively augments the expansion of NK cells. These results may be useful for future NK cell therapeutic strategies of the treatment of neuroblastoma.


ImunoBran/MGN-3/BIOBRAN Enhances Generation of Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells Via Upregulation of DEC-205 Expression on Dendritic Cells   

  • M. Ghoneum and S. Agrawal, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2014

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Objective: Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) has been shown to be a potent biological response modifier (BRM) that activates different arms of the immune system, including dendritic cells (DCs), which prime CD4+ helper T-cell responses. The present study explores the ability of MGN-3-activated DCs to prime CD8+ T cells and examines the mechanisms underlying its effect. Human monocyte-derived DCs were treated with MGN-3 (20 and 40 µg/ml). Results indicate that treatment with MGN-3 caused DCs to prime higher granzyme B-expressing CD8+ T cells. Tumor lysate-pulsed MGN-3 DC also increased tumor cell killing compared to DC-stimulated CD8+ T cells. This was associated with: i) increased expression of DEC-205 in MGN-3-activated DCs in a dose-dependent manner; and ii) MGN-3 induced significant production of Type III interferon, IL29, but not Type I IFNs on and B. These results suggest that MGN-3 is a potent natural adjuvant that efficiently activates DCs and may therefore be useful for mounting an efficient immune response against infections and cancer.

Therapeutic Effects of Biobran, Modified Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, in Improving Symptoms of Diarrhea Predominant or Mixed Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Study 

  • Takeshi Kamiya, Michiko Shikano, Mamoru Tanaka, Keiji Ozeki, Masahide Ebi, Takahito Katano, Shingo Hamano, Hirotaka Nishiwaki, Hironobu Tsukamoto, Tsutomu Mizoshita, Yoshinori Mori, Eiji Kubota, Satoshi Tanida, Hiromi Kataoka, Noriaki Okuda, and Takashi Joh, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2014

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Objective: Recently, it was revealed that low grade mucosal inflammation and/or immune imbalance of the lower digestive tract is one of the mechanisms involved in symptom generation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Biobran, arabinoxylan compound derived from rice bran, has been reported to have several biological actions such as anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory effects. So we investigated the therapeutic effects of Biobran in patients with IBS. Method. Forty patientswith diarrhea predominant or mixed type IBS were randomly assigned to either a Biobran group for treatment with Biobran or a placebo group. Therapeutic efficacy and IBS symptoms were assessed subjectively by the patients after 4 weeks of administration. Results. The global assessment was effective in 63.2% of the Biobran group and in 30% of the placebo group (P < 0.05, Biobran group versus placebo group). Biobran group showed a significant decrease in the score of diarrhea and constipation and in CRP value. However, no significant changes were observed in the placebo group. Conclusion.The administration of Biobran improved IBS symptoms. It is likely that anti-inflammatory and/or immune modulatory effects of Biobran might be useful in IBS patients.

L'arabinoxylane modifié au son de riz, le MGN-3/Biobran®, sensibilise les cellules métastatiques du carcinome du sein au paclitaxel in vitro

  • Mamdooh Ghoneum, Nariman K. Badr El-Din, Doaa A. Ali et Mai Alaa El-Dein, (édité par Chris Gutch, PhD.), 2014

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 Objectif : Il existe un intérêt croissant pour les traitements alternatifs qui réduisent la toxicité de la chimiothérapie en diminuant la concentration du médicament, tout en maintenant l'efficacité contre les cellules cancéreuses. Des études antérieures ont démontré que l'arabinoxylane du son de riz, MGN-3/Biobran, sensibilise les cellules humaines du cancer du sein (BCC) à la daunorubicine (DNR). Dans la présente étude, nous avons évalué la capacité du MGN-3 à sensibiliser les cellules à un autre agent chimiothérapeutique, le paclitaxel. Matériel et méthodes : Des cellules MCF-7 (BCC humain) et 4T1 (BCC murin) non métastatiques ont été cultivées avec différentes concentrations de paclitaxel en présence ou en l'absence de MGN-3. La survie cellulaire, les dommages à l'ADN et la prolifération cellulaire ont été examinés. Résultats : Le MGN-3 a augmenté de plus de 100 fois la sensibilité des deux types de cellules cancéreuses au paclitaxel. Mécaniquement, le MGN-3 agit en synergie avec le paclitaxel en causant des dommages à l'ADN, en augmentant l'apoptose et en inhibant la prolifération cellulaire dans les cellules 4T1. Conclusion : Nos données démontrent que le MGN-3 est un chimiosensibilisateur efficace et peut représenter un nouvel adjuvant pour le traitement du cancer du sein métastatique.

Case Reports of Cancer Patients with Hepatic Metastases Treated by Standardized Plant Immunomodulatory Preparations   

  • Tibor Hajto and Angelika Kirsch, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2013 

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Background: Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma often has a multifocal tumor pattern with markedly depressed hepatic function, Hepatic resection in many cases results in no long-term benefit. After a chemotherapy hepatic tumors rarely disappear completely and the duration of responses is short, ln the last decades growing evidence suggested that a disturbed balance in the innate system can also play a role in the poor prognosis of hepatic tumors.

Objectives: The aim of this article is to present and discuss several favorable clinical responses of patients with hepatic metastases who parallel to conventional oncologic therapy, were treated with immunologically effective and standardized plant extracts.Course of Therapy and Results: In accordance with the bell-shaped dose-response relationship of mistletoe Iectins (MLs), the patients were treated with a fermented mistletoe extract (ME) preparation, standardized for the active sugar-binding lectin contents, Thus, an optimal dose between 0.5 and 1,0ng/kg MLs was given twice a week subcutaneously. In addition to ML therapy, a heteropolysaccharide rice bran preparation standardized for arabinoxylan (12-45mg/kg MGN-3/Biobran twice a week) and wheat germ extract (WGE) standardized for 2, 6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (50-80mg/kg AvemarR four times a week) was also given. In these case reports the clinical progress of seven patients showed a complete or nearly complete remission of hepatic metastases.Conclusion: ML, MGN-3 and WGE seem to be potent candidates to be regarded as a supportive therapy to surgery, hormone treatment or chemotherapy for patients with hepatic metastases. These case reports require further clinical studies.


ImunoBran® MGN-3: Amoindrissement des effets secondaires de la chimiothérapie chez les patientes atteintes du cancer du sein. 

  • Masood AI, Sheikh R, Anwer RA, (édité par Chris Gutch PhD.), 2013

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Objectif de l'étude : Le but de l'étude était d'évaluer l'effet du Biobran dans la réduction des effets secondaires induits par la chimiothérapie en termes de fatigue, d'anorexie, de vomissements et de perte de cheveux, ainsi que la qualité de vie en termes de perte de poids. Cadre : Service de radiothérapie de l'hôpital Nishtar de Multan. Matériel et méthodes : Cinquante patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein ont été réparties au hasard en deux groupes. Les patientes du groupe A ont reçu une dose de 3 grammes de Biobran MGN-3 par jour une semaine avant et une semaine après la chimiothérapie. Les patientes du groupe B ont reçu une chimiothérapie seule. Au total, six cycles de chimiothérapie ont été administrés. Aucune multivitamine ou complément alimentaire n'a été administré durant cette étude. Les effets secondaires induits par la chimiothérapie (fatigue, anorexie, vomissements, perte de cheveux) ont été évalués à l'aide d'un questionnaire adressé aux patients avant le début de chaque cycle. Le poids a été vérifié avant chaque cycle afin d'évaluer le gain ou la perte de poids. Les globules blancs ont été contrôlés par une numération globulaire complète juste avant et une semaine après la chimiothérapie. Résultats : Entre six mois, 50 patients ont été recrutés dans le service de radiothérapie de l'hôpital Nishtar de Multan. On a constaté une réduction significative de la fatigue et de l'anorexie chez les patients du groupe A. 20 (80%) patients du groupe A ont ressenti une augmentation de leur régime alimentaire et de la fatigue sans aucun appétit ou multivitamine. Mais les patients du groupe B ont demandé un apéritif en raison de l'anorexie sévère après la chimiothérapie, à l'exception de 3 (12%) patients qui n'ont pas utilisé d'apéritif ou de complément alimentaire. Dans le groupe A, 15 patients (60%) n'ont pas eu besoin d'antiémétiques, alors que dans le groupe B, tous les patients (100%) ont souffert de nausées sévères pendant et après la chimiothérapie. Les patients du groupe A ont eu moins de chutes de cheveux, 7 (28%) par rapport aux 25 (100%) patients de l'autre groupe. Conclusions : L'étude a montré qu'en aidant à optimiser le système immunitaire, Biobran MGN-3 peut non seulement aider à maximiser le succès du traitement, mais aussi à minimiser les effets secondaires du traitement et à améliorer la qualité de vie pendant le traitement et la convalescence.

Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) provides protection against whole-body γ-irradiation in mice via restoration of hematopoietic tissues                         

  • Mamdooh Ghoneum, Nariman K. Badr El-Din, Salma M. Abdel Fattah and Lucilene Tolentino, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Abstract: The aim of the current study is to examine the protective effect of MGN-3 on overall maintenance of hematopoietic tissue after ƴ-irradiation. MGN-3 is an arabinoxylan from rice bran that has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant and immune modulator. Swiss albino mice were treated with MGN-3 prior to irradiation and continued to receive MGN-3 for 1 or 4 weeks, Results were compared with mice that received radiation (5 Gy rays) only, MGN-3 (40 mg/kg) only and control mice (receiving neither radiation nor MGN-3). At 1 and 4 weeks post-irradiation, different hematological, histopathological and biochemical parameters were examined. Mice exposed to irradiation alone showed significant depression in their complete blood count (CBC) except for neutrophilia. Additionally, histopathological studies showed hypocellularity of their bone marrow, as well as a remarkable decrease in splenic weight/relative size and in number of megakaryocytes. In contrast, pre-treatment with MGN-3 resulted in protection against irradiation-induced damage to the CBC parameters associated with complete bone marrow cellularity, as well as protection of the aforementioned splenic changes. Furthermore, MGN-3 exerted antioxidative activity in whole-body irradiated mice, and provided protection from irradiation-induced loss of body and organ weight. In conclusion, MGN-3 has the potential to protect progenitor cells in the bone marrow, which suggests the possible use of MGN-3/Biobran as an adjuvant treatment to counteract the severe adverse side effects associated with radiation therapy.

Protective effect of low molecular fraction of MGN-3, a modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, on acute liver injury by inhibition of NF-kB and JNK/MAPK expression      

  • Surina Zheng, Shunsuke Sugita, Shizuka Hirai, Yukari Egashira, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Abstract: D-Galactosamine (GaIN) induces acute hepatitis in experimental animals; this hepatitis has been shown to be suppressed by oral or intraperitoneal administration of modified arabinoxylan from rice bran (MGN-3), and active low molecular fraction isolated from MGN-3 (LMW). We previously reported that this protective mechanism is mediated in part by downregulation of interleukin-18 (IL-18), The present study shows for the Hrst time that nuclear factor- κB (NF- κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and CD14 are involved in the suppressive action of LMW on GaIN-induced hepatitis Wistar rats (aged 4 weeks, SLC) were intraperitoneally treated with either MGN-3 or LMW. Then, rats were given GaIN at 400 mg/kg at 1 h after the initial treatment, The serum activity of transaminases (ALT and AST) was significantly higher after GaIN treatment: these changes were attenuated by MGN-3 and LMW. Furthermore, LMW abrogated inhibitor of κB kinase (I κB) degradation induced by GaIN, and this was associated with the inhibition of NF κB activation. Moreover, phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protein expression in the liver after GaIN treatment was significantly higher, and LMW reduced this increase. We also found that GaIN treatment induced TLR4 and CD14 mRNA expression, and LMW significantly inhibited CD14 mRNA expression. These results suggest that the suppressive effects of LMW on GaIN-induced hepatitis are possibly related to inhibition of NF- κB,NK phosphorylation and CD14 expression.

An Open-label, randomized clinical trial to assess the immunomodulatory activity of a novel oligosaccharide compound in healthy adult                                    

  • K. H. Ali, A. B. Melillo, S. M. Leonard, D. Asthana, Judi M. Woolger, A. H. Wolfson, H. R. McDaniel, J. E. Lewis, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Abstract: Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound (RBAC) is a nutritional supplement produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose B derived from rice bran. Several in vitro studies and clinical reports have shown RBAC to possess promising immunomodulating effects, specifically with respect to natural killer cell and cytokine activity. The concept of a true immunomodulator is an agent possessing a broad range of activity dependent upon the existing state of health and immunity in the individual host. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of RBAC in a healthy adult human population over 60 days by assessing changes in natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and cytokines and growth factors. Subjects participated in a two-group, randomized intervention, where one group (n=10) consumed 1 gram/day and the other (n=10) consumed 3 gram/day. Safety and tolerability of RBAC were assessed with total bilirubin, total protein, creatinine, and liver function tests.

Chemopreventive Properties of Dietary Rice Bran: Current Status and Future Prospects    

  • Angela J. Henderson, Cadie A. Ollila, Ajay Kumar, Erica C. Borresen, Komal Raina, Rajesh Agarwal and Elizabeth P. Ryan, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that dietary rice bran may exert beneficial effects against several types of cancer, such as breast, lung, liver, and colorectal cancer. The chemopreventive potential has been related to the bioactive phytochemrcals present in the bran portion of the rice such as ferulic acid, tricin,B-sitosterol, y-oryzanol, tocotrienols/tocopherols, and phytic acid. Studies have shown that the anticancer effects of the rice bran-derived bioactive components are mediated through their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and alter cell cycle progression in malignant cells. Rice bran bioactive components protect against tissue damage through the scavenging of free radicals and the blocking of chronic inflammatory responses. Rice bran phytochemicals have also been shovvn to activate anticancer immune responses as vvell as affecting the colonic tumor microenvironrnent in favor of enhanced colorectal cancer chemopreventron. This is accomplished through the modulation of gut microflora communities and the regulation of carcinogenemetabolizing enzymes. In addition, the low cost of rice production and the accessibility of rice bran make it an appealing candidate for global dietary chemoprevention. Therefore, the establishment of dietary rice bran as a practical food-derived chemopreventive agent has the potential to have a significant impact on cancer prevention for the global population. 


Suppressive Effect of Modified Arabinoxylan from Rice Bran (MGN-3) on D-Galactosamine-Induced IL-18 Expression and Hepatitis in Rats 

  • S. Zheng, H. Sanada, H. Dohi, S. Hirai and Y. Egashira, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2012

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Abstract: We investigated in this study the effect of modified arabinoxylan from rice bran (MGN-3) and its fractions on D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced IL-18 expression and hepatitis in rats. Male Wistar rats were pretreated with MGN-3 or fractions of the MGN-3 hydrolysate, or with saline 1 h before administering D-GalN (400 mg/kg B.W.). The serum transaminase activities, IL-18 mRNA expression level in the liver and IL-18 concentration in the serum were determined 24h after injecting D-GalN. Both the oral and intraperitoneal administration of MGN-3 (20 mg/kg B.W.) alleviated D-GalN-induced hepatic injury under these experimental conditions. The low-molecular-weight fraction (LMW) of MGN-3 showed the strongest protective effect on D-GalN-induced liver injury, its main sugar component being glucose. Moreover, the D-GalN-induced IL-18 expression was significantly reduced by treating with MGN-3 and LMW. The results suggest that MGN-3 and LMW could provide significant protection against D-GalN liver injury, and that IL-18 might be involved in their protective influence.

Synergistic apoptotic effect of Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) and Curcumin (Turmeric) on human multiple myeloma cell line U266 in vitro 

  • M. Ghoneum, S. Gollapudi, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2011

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Abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the synergistic apoptotic potential of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) and curcumin (turmeric) on human multiple myeloma (MM) cell line U266 , in vitro. U266 cells were cultured with MGN-3 (50 or 100µg/ml) and curcumin (2.5-10µM) for 3 days. The elfects of MGN-3 and curcumin on the growth and survival of the U266 cells were determined by trypan blue, MTT assay flow cytometry analysis of cancer cell cycle, and apoptosis. Expression of proapoptotic Bax, and antiapoptotic Bcl2 was determined by Western blot analysis. Treatment with MGN-3 alone or curcumin alone caused a dose-dependent inhibition in the proliferation ofU266 cells. However, a synergistic elfect was noticed post-treatment with both agents that maximized at 100µg/ml MGN-3 plus 10µM curcumin. This synergy was characterized by an 87% decrease in cell number and a 2.6 fold increase in the percentage of apoptotic U266 cells, Cell cycle analysis showed a 53% decrease in the percentage ofcells in the G0-G1 phase treated with MGN-3 and curcumin (from 36% to 17%). Analysis ofthe expression of the pro and antiapoptotic molecules Bax and Bcl-2 revealed synergistic effects of these agents, as the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased and Bax was increased. This resulted in a cellular microenvironment favorable for apoptosis. We conclude that MGN-3 and curcumin synergize in the induction of U266 cell apoptosis. This data may establish the foundation for in viva studies that could have therapeutic implications.


Activation of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells In Vitro by the Biological Response Modifier Arabinoxylan Rice Bran (ImunoBran/MGN-3/Biobran)

  • M. Ghoneum and S. Agrawal, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2011

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Abstract: Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) is a potent biological response modifier (BRM) that activates natural killer (NK) cells, T cells and monocytes. Currently, little is known regarding the effects of MGN-3 on dendritic cells (DCs), the cell type that bridges innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, we examined the stimulatory effects of MGN-3 on DCs. Human monocyte-derived DCs were treated with MGN-3 at different concentrations (5-20 µg/ml) for 24 hours in vitro. Activation of DCs was determined by assessing the expression of co-stimulatory and maturation markers (CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR) by flow cytometry, and production of cytokines by ELISA. DC function was determined by assessing their ability to activate naive T cells. Activation of T cells was assessed by measuring cell proliferation and cytokine production. MGN-3 treatment, in a dose-dependent manner, resulted in: 1) up-regulation of the surface expression of CD83 and CD86, on DCs; 2) an increase in the production ofpro-inflammatory and immuno-regulatory cytokines (IL-lβ}, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12p40 and low levels of IL-12p70 and IL-2) by DCs; and 3) MGN-3 stimulated DC induced CD4T cell proliferation and their production of cytokines, IFN-7, lL-10, IL-17. Results suggest that MGN-3 functions as a natural adjuvant for DC activation and thus may be used in DC-based vaccine strategies against infections and cancer.


The clinical effectiveness of BioBran in immunotherapy for patients with hepatitis B

  • Dr. Tran Thi Minh Phuong, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2011

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Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem with devastating consequences of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. More efficacious treatments, mass immunization programs, and safe injection techniques are essential for eliminating HBV infection and reducing global HBV-related morbidity and mortality. Antiviral therapy has been the primary treatments to date. However, conventional treatment has undesirable side-effects and continuous treatment can lead to the development of resistance. In addition, antiviral medicines are costly, thousands of dollars per year, and are not widely available in many countries, especially in the developing world. BioBran is a food supplement that is combined with conventional treatment to improve the outcome of the disease. There were 3 cases of viral B hepatitis patients who have treated by the combination of conventional antiviral therapy and BioBran were described. In these cases, blood samples were taken to measure liver function and immunopotency, and the results were compared with changes in clinical and image condition. Improvements were noted in most of the cases. Finally, some remarks were provided to enhance the effectiveness of treatment progress.


Arabinoxylan Rice Bran (MGN-3) Enhances the Effects of Interventional Therapies for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Three-year Randomized Clinical Trial             

  • Mai Hong Bang, Tran Van Piep, Nguyen Tien Thinh, Le Huu Song, Trinh Tuan Dung, Le Van Truong, Le Van Don, Thai Doan Ky, Deyu Pan, Magda Shaheen and Mamdooh Ghoneum, (edited by Chris Gutch PhD.), 2010

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Background and Aims: This study examined the efficacy of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3) in conjunction with an interventional therapy (IT) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Patients and Methods: A total of sixty-eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (stages I and II) participated in the study. Patients were randomized to receive IT (30 patients, control group) or IT+MGN-3 (38 patients), and randomly divided into two groups using a computer-generated randomization list. Patients and investigators were blinded. IT included transarterial oily chernoembolization (TOCE) or a combination of TOCE and percutaneous ethanol injection treatment (PEIT). Results: Patients in the IT+MGN-3 group showed: (i) lower recurrence ofthe disease, 3l.6% (I2/38), as compared to 46.7% (I4/30) for the control; (ii) higher survival aher the second year, 35%, as compared to 6.7% for the control; (iii) significantly lower alpha-fetoprotein level, a 38% decrease (p=0,()001), as compared to baseline value, while the control showed no signficant change; and (iv) a significant decrease in tumor volume, in contrast to the control, which showed no significant change. When the results were analyzed according to each IT modality, MGN-3+IT sub-groups displayed a greater response to treatment, in every aspect examined, than the IT sub-groups alone, Howeven the patients in the MGN-3+TOCE+PEIT sub-group demonstrated greater reduction in AFP levels and longer survival time than the MGN-3+TOCE; sub-group. Conclusion: MGN-3 in conjunction with IT may be usefull at the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and warrants farther investigation in multiple clinical trials.



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